If you like the security of the birth control pill, but you just can't seem to remember to take a pill every day, then the shot might be right for you. When used correctly, the shot is up to 99.7 percent effective against pregnancy — just like the pill. Here are some common questions and the answers you should know if you're considering going on the shot.
What exactly is the shot?
The shot is an injection of a hormone that is similar to progesterone (one of the hormones made by a woman's ovaries to regulate the menstrual cycle). The common brand name of the shot is Depo-Provera — or Depo, for short.
When am I protected against pregnancy?
A clinician will give you an injection every 12 weeks to prevent pregnancy. Protection begins immediately if the shot is given within the first seven days of your period. If not, use a backup method of birth control — like condoms — for the first week. The shot will reduce the risk of pregnancy for three months.
What are the side effects?
Like all medications, the shot causes different side effects in different people. Irregular bleeding is the most common side effect. Periods can be heavier and longer, or happen less often and be lighter than usual. Some women spot during their cycle, and women who have been on the shot for a long time sometimes stop getting their periods altogether.
Side effects are most common in the first six to 12 months of use. It's important to remember that there is no way to stop the side effects — they may continue until the shot wears off about 12 weeks later.
Use of the shot is associated with temporary bone thinning. Talk with your health care provider about the risks.
To protect your bones, get regular exercise and get extra calcium and vitamin D — either through your diet or by using supplements.
Less common side effects include
headache
nausea
dizziness
sore breasts
change of appetite, weight gain
depression
hair loss, or increased hair on the face or body
nervousness
skin rash or spotty darkening of the skin
change in sex drive
Do I need my parents' permission to go on the shot?
No. While it's important to discuss decisions about your sexual health with your parents, we know that's not always possible. Parental consent is not required for teens to get birth control, including the shot.
How does it work? The shot works in two ways. Usually, it keeps the ovaries from releasing an egg (ovulation). Less often, it prevents sperm from joining with the egg by thickening the cervical mucus.
Will it protect me against sexually transmitted infections?
No, the shot offers no protection against infection. Only latex and female condoms help reduce the risk of infection.
How long does it last?
The shot lasts 12 weeks (three months). A new shot needs to be given every three months for as long as a woman wants to prevent pregnancy.
How much does it cost?
The injection costs about $50. Sometimes, an exam is needed first, which may cost between $35 and $125. However, all Planned Parenthood centers are committed to providing services at the lowest possible cost, and many centers offer services on a sliding scale, according to income. Call your nearest Planned Parenthood health center at 1-800-230-PLAN to schedule a confidential appointment.
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